英语动词的现在分词、过去式、过去分词的变化规则
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发布时间:2022-04-19 21:38
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时间:2022-07-01 22:37
过去式和过去分词的构成方法
分规则变化和不规则变化两种。不规则变化需逐个记忆,规则变化遵循以下原则:
(1) 一般情况下,在动词后加ed构成:work / worked, stay / stayed, shout / shouted等。
(2) 在以-e结尾动词后只加d:close / closed, like / liked, live / lived, smile / smiled等。
(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,应将y改为i 再加-ed:study / studied, carry / carried等。
(4) 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed:stop / stopped, admit / admitted, refer / referred, prefer / preferred等。
【注】(1) 以字母l结尾的动词,若末尾一个音节为重读音节,则必须双写l再加-ed,如control / controlled,但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节,则可双写l(英国英语)或不双写l(美国英语),如travel / travel(l)ed。
(2) 动词picnic(野餐)的过去式和过去分词是picnicked,不是picniced。
(3) 词尾-ed 读音规则是:在清辅音后读作[t],元音和浊辅音后读作[d],在辅音[t]或[d]后读作[id]。
3. 现在分词的构成方法
(1) 一般情况下,在动词后加-ing构成:work / working, sleep / sleeping, wait / waiting等。
(2) 在不发音的-e结尾动词去掉e后再加-ing:smile / smiling, move / moving 等。
(3) 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ing:sit / sitting, plan / planning, refer / referring, occur / occurring等。
(4) 以字母ie结尾的动词,通常将ie改为y,再加ing:die / dying, lie / lying, tie / tying等。
【注】(1) 以字母l结尾动词,若末尾一个音节为重读音节,则必须双写l再加ing,如control / controlling,但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节,则可双写l(英国英语)或不双写l(美国英语),如travel / travel(l)ing。
(2) 名词变复数、形容词和副词变比较级和最高级、动词变过去式和过去分词等都有“改y规则”,但动词的现在分词没有“改y规则”。
(3) 动词picnic(野餐)的现在分词为picnicking,不是picnicing。
过去式和过去分词的构成方法
分规则变化和不规则变化两种。不规则变化需逐个记忆,规则变化遵循以下原则:
(1) 一般情况下,在动词后加ed构成:work / worked, stay / stayed, shout / shouted等。
(2) 在以-e结尾动词后只加d:close / closed, like / liked, live / lived, smile / smiled等。
(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,应将y改为i 再加-ed:study / studied, carry / carried等。
(4) 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed:stop / stopped, admit / admitted, refer / referred, prefer / preferred等。
【注】(1) 以字母l结尾的动词,若末尾一个音节为重读音节,则必须双写l再加-ed,如control / controlled,但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节,则可双写l(英国英语)或不双写l(美国英语),如travel / travel(l)ed。
(2) 动词picnic(野餐)的过去式和过去分词是picnicked,不是picniced。
(3) 词尾-ed 读音规则是:在清辅音后读作[t],元音和浊辅音后读作[d],在辅音[t]或[d]后读作[id]。
3. 现在分词的构成方法
(1) 一般情况下,在动词后加-ing构成:work / working, sleep / sleeping, wait / waiting等。
(2) 在不发音的-e结尾动词去掉e后再加-ing:smile / smiling, move / moving 等。
(3) 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ing:sit / sitting, plan / planning, refer / referring, occur / occurring等。
(4) 以字母ie结尾的动词,通常将ie改为y,再加ing:die / dying, lie / lying, tie / tying等。
【注】(1) 以字母l结尾动词,若末尾一个音节为重读音节,则必须双写l再加ing,如control / controlling,但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节,则可双写l(英国英语)或不双写l(美国英语),如travel / travel(l)ing。
(2) 名词变复数、形容词和副词变比较级和最高级、动词变过去式和过去分词等都有“改y规则”,但动词的现在分词没有“改y规则”。
(3) 动词picnic(野餐)的现在分词为picnicking,不是picnicing。 来源:能
热心网友
时间:2022-07-01 23:55
中英语不规则动词过去式、过去分词表
初中英语不规则动词过去式、过去分词表
(1) AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)
cost(花费) cost cost cut(割) cut cut
hit(打) hit hit hurt 伤害) hurt hurt
let(让) let let put(放) put put
read (读) read read
(2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)
beat(跳动) beat beaten
(3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)
become(变成) became become come(来) came come
run(跑) ran run
(4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)
dig(挖) g g get(得到) got got
hang(吊死) hanged hanged hang(悬挂) hung hung
hold(抓住) held held shine(照耀) shone shone
sit(坐) sat sat win (赢) won won
meet(遇见) met met keep (保持) kept kept
sleep(睡) slept slept sweep(扫) swept swept
feel(感觉) felt felt smell(闻) smelt smelt
leave(离开) left left build(建设) built built
lend(借出) lent lent send (传送) sent sent
spend(花费) spent spent lose (丢失) lost lost
burn (燃烧) burnt burnt learn(学习) learnt learnt
mean(意思是) meant meant catch(抓住) caught caught
teach(教) taught taught bring(带来) brought brought
fight (战斗) fought fought buy(买) bought bought
think(想) thought thought hear (听见) heard heard
sell(卖) sold sold tell(告诉) told told
say(说) said said find(找到) found found
have/has(有) had had make(制造) made made
stand(站) stood stood understand明白understood understood
(5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形)
begin(开始) began begun drink(喝) drank drunk
ring(铃响) rang rung sing (唱) sang sung
swim(游泳) swam swum blow(吹) blew blown
draw (画) drew drawn fly(飞) flew flown
grow(生长) grew grown know(知道) knew known
throw(投掷) threw thrown show(出示) showed shown
break(打破) broke broken choose(选择) chose chosen
forget(忘记) forgot forgotten (forgot) speak(说,讲) spoke spoken
wake(醒) woke woke drive(驾驶) drove driven
eat(吃) ate eaten fall(落下) fell fallen
give(给) gave given rise(升高) rose risen
take(取) took taken mistake(弄错) mistook mistaken
ride(骑) rode ridden write(写) wrote written
do(做) did done go(去) went gone
lie(平躺) lay lain see(看见) saw seen
wear (穿) wore worn
be ( am, is, are )(是) was, were been